State: Illinois
Court: 5th District Appellate
Docket No: 5-96-0753
Case Date: 11/13/1997
NO. 5-96-0753
IN THE
APPELLATE COURT OF ILLINOIS
FIFTH DISTRICT
_________________________________________________________________
In re MARRIAGE OF ) Appeal from the
) Circuit Court of
VIRGINIA R. SCHRIMPF, ) Madison County.
)
Petitioner-Appellee, )
) No. 79-D-1006
and )
)
DONALD F. SCHRIMPF, ) Honorable
) Lewis E. Mallott,
Respondent-Appellant. ) Judge, presiding.
_________________________________________________________________
JUSTICE GOLDENHERSH delivered the opinion of the court:
Respondent, Donald F. Schrimpf, appeals from an order of the
circuit court of Madison County denying his petition for the
reduction or termination of maintenance. In this cause, the issues
we are asked to address are (1) whether the circuit court's denial
of a reduction or termination of maintenance was an abuse of
discretion and/or against the manifest weight of the evidence and
(2) whether respondent is entitled to a credit toward his
maintenance obligation for social security benefits received by
petitioner, Virginia R. Schrimpf, by virtue of contributions made
by respondent. We affirm.
FACTS
The parties originally married on September 27, 1950, and
divorced for the first time on June 2, 1967. The parties remarried
on October 17, 1970. Two children were born during the parties'
first marriage but were emancipated by the time the second
dissolution was entered on November 28, 1979. That judgment
required, inter alia, that respondent pay petitioner $750 "per
month as and for permanent alimony and maintenance until the
respondent-counterpetitioner's death, the petitioner-
counterrespondent's death, or the petitioner-counterrespondent's
remarriage, whichever occurs first, commencing immediately upon
entry of this Judgment." The judgment further provided, in
accordance with section 502(f) of the Illinois Marriage and
Dissolution of Marriage Act (the Act) (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1979, ch.
40, par. 502(f) (now 750 ILCS 5/502(f) (West 1996))):
"[T]he terms set forth in this judgment shall not, except as
to those terms relative to alimony and maintenance for the
petitioner-counterrespondent, be modifiable; and *** as to
such provisions relating to such alimony and maintenance, the
same shall be modifiable only by way of decrease in the amount
of such alimony and maintenance by reason of the economic and
financial needs of respondent-counterpetitioner, it being
expressly hereby provided that the amount of alimony and
maintenance to be hereby awarded to petitioner-
counterrespondent shall not for any cause whatever be
increased above the amount provided herein."
On November 18, 1994, respondent filed a petition seeking to
modify the maintenance provisions of the November 28, 1979,
dissolution. Respondent alleged that a substantial and material
change in circumstances occurred since the 1979 dissolution in that
respondent retired after having reached the age of 66 and married
his current wife, Charlene, who has significant disabilities,
causing respondent to incur significant medical bills. Respondent
further alleged a modification in that petitioner is able to
support herself without maintenance from respondent because she
owns her own home, has a vehicle, and receives social security
benefits which she did not receive when the permanent maintenance
order was entered in 1979. On May 20, 1996, a hearing was held on
respondent's petition to modify.
Respondent testified that he was 68 years of age and that he
had twice been married to petitioner. The first marriage lasted 17
years; the second lasted nine years. Respondent married his
present wife on July 17, 1982. On September 1, 1995, respondent
retired from Piasa Motor Fuels, where he had been employed for 48
years. Respondent's Federal income tax returns showed that in
1993, his gross income was $67,912, in 1994, it was $68,954, and in
1995, the year respondent retired, it was $49,037. When the
parties divorced in 1979, respondent's gross income was $42,000.
In 1980, respondent's gross income increased to $56,000.
Respondent's current income consists of social security, a
pension, and installment payments on a promissory note. In 1996,
respondent's gross pension was $1,173.19 per month. Respondent
received $1,306 in social security payments per month and $585.59
per month from the installment payments due on a promissory note
from the 1987 sale of a service station. The service station was
awarded to respondent as part of the 1979 property distribution.
Respondent testified he was scheduled to receive the final
installment in October 1999. Respondent further testified that his
residential mortgage would be paid in full in 1998, resulting in a
savings of almost $800 per month.
According to respondent, petitioner receives social security
based upon his prior earnings. His present wife, age 56, is
unemployed and has no income of her own. Charlene suffers from
insulin-dependent diabetes, degenerative arthritis, and leg
problems caused by an automobile accident. She underwent
orthopedic surgery and fusion. Respondent testified that not all
of Charlene's medical expenses are reimbursable and that in 1994 or
1995 he used his $6,500 tax refund to pay for Charlene's dental
needs. Respondent submitted an affidavit itemizing his monthly
expenses, which indicated that over the past six years his monthly
expenses exceeded his gross monthly income by $1,674.76.
Respondent estimated his expenses at $4,504.90 per month and his
gross monthly income at $2,830.14. Respondent testified that he
makes up the difference by drawing on reserves he has in the bank.
These reserves came from the sale of a motor home. The motor home
was purchased in 1994 for $84,000. In order to purchase the motor
home, respondent traded in a motor home he owned and borrowed the
additional $60,000 from a life insurance policy he purchased after
his divorce from petitioner with proceeds he received from the sale
of stock he inherited from his mother. Respondent sold the motor
home one-and-one-half years later for $64,000 because Charlene was
too sick to travel. With that $64,000, respondent and Charlene
purchased a lot at Lake of the Ozarks for $49,500 and put the
remaining money in the bank.
As of December 1995, the life insurance policy had a cash
surrender value of $125,409.17 and generated gross yearly income of
$10,211.25 at an annual premium cost of $2,740. The gross value of
the policy is $213,000. Respondent reinvests the interest instead
of using the money. The annual premium is also paid out of the
interest. Respondent admitted that he has a right to withdraw
funds from this policy at any time.
Respondent also owns a Northern Life Insurance single premium
policy with a net cash value of $20,851.96. Charlene and
respondent's children are the beneficiaries. Respondent held a
joint tenant's interest in $650 in Dreyfus Funds. Respondent's
retirement and pension plan as of June 30, 1994, was valued at
$427,980.10. Respondent admitted that he can change the amount of
his monthly pension income at any time. Charlene is the
beneficiary of this plan. Respondent explained that if monthly
benefits are increased, the survivor benefits are correspondingly
decreased.
Petitioner testified to the terms of the 1979 dissolution.
Petitioner was awarded the marital residence, valued at
approximately $84,000 one year prior to the hearing in question.
A 1974 Mercedes-Benz automobile was put in her name prior to the
divorce. Petitioner still drives this vehicle. Petitioner also
received household furnishings valued at $1,500 and a checking
account containing $110. Petitioner testified that she owes her
daughter $16,000 due to money she borrowed over the preceding 16
years in order to make ends meet and maintain her standard of
living.
For 11 years following the divorce, petitioner lived on the
$750 per month paid to her by respondent. Respondent also paid
petitioner's heating oil bill which ran approximately $700 per
year, but he stopped doing that upon his retirement. In March
1990, petitioner began receiving $550 per month in social security
based upon her former husband's earnings. Petitioner's only other
income is the $35 per month which she receives in connection with
renting her garage. Petitioner has been unable to save any money
and does not have a savings account.
Petitioner was 70 years old at the time of the hearing. She
did not work after the parties' divorce. For 10 years, from 1986
through the time of the hearing, petitioner cared for her
granddaughter who has Down's Syndrome. She did this as much as
three times per week. Petitioner testified that she does not think
she is able to work, because she gets upset if she has to hurry or
do anything precisely. She is not supposed to get too hot, be in
the wind, or get too tired. Petitioner suffers from a heart
condition. She underwent an angioplasty procedure in 1984.
Petitioner testified that she could have possibly worked after
that, but she did not because she was taking care of her
granddaughter.
Petitioner pays $3,000 per year for medical insurance. Her
monthly expenses are $1,419 per month. This includes a figure of
$100 per month for entertainment. Petitioner explained that most
of this $100 goes for her annual Florida vacation, which lasts for
four or five weeks. Her daughter often accompanies her on her
annual trip.
Respondent's current wife, Charlene, is 56 years old. She
testified that she worked for Olin Corporation for 20 years prior
to her marriage to respondent. In 1969, Charlene was injured in an
automobile accident caused by a drunk driver. She sustained
numerous injuries, resulting in months of hospitalization.
Charlene testified that her health deteriorated after the marriage
to respondent and that she now suffers from both degenerative
arthritis and insulin-dependent diabetes. She is unable to drive.
Respondent was aware of Charlene's medical problems when he married
her and knew that she might have to quit work, which she did in
October 1982. Five years later, Charlene attempted to work for a
dentist but quit after three months because she could not stand for
long periods of time. Charlene testified that if respondent dies,
her only source of income will be his profit-sharing and life
insurance.
After hearing all the evidence, the circuit court denied a
reduction or termination of maintenance. Respondent filed a
posttrial motion, which was also denied. Respondent now appeals.
ANALYSIS
I
The first issue we are asked to consider is whether the
circuit court's denial of a reduction or termination of maintenance
was an abuse of discretion or against the manifest weight of the
evidence. Respondent contends that the trial court "was misled by
and overemphasized the characterization of the original maintenance
order as a `permanent' award." Respondent contends there has been
a substantial change in circumstances since the 1979 maintenance
order was instituted, due to respondent's retirement and increased
medical costs because of his present wife's ill health. Respondent
argues that he presented evidence that his monthly expenses totaled
$4,504.90 per month, while his income is substantially less than
that, specifically, $1,674.76 less per month. Accordingly,
respondent concludes that since he was awarded 100% of his
retirement and pension interests in 1979, forcing him to withdraw
substantial amounts per month in order to meet his monthly
maintenance obligation is tantamount to an increase in his
maintenance obligation. We disagree.
Section 510(a) of the Act permits the modification of
maintenance upon a showing of a substantial change in
circumstances. 750 ILCS 5/510(a) (West 1994). In reviewing a
maintenance order, a court should consider the elements listed
under section 504(b) of the Act, namely, the standard of living
established during the marriage, the age, physical, and emotional
condition of both parties, the ability of the spouse seeking
maintenance to meet his or her needs independently, and the ability
of the other spouse to pay. 750 ILCS 5/504(b) (West 1994); In re
Marriage of Breuer, 259 Ill. App. 3d 94, 96, 630 N.E.2d 1245, 1246
(1994). Whether a spouse may rely on his retirement as a change in
circumstances to justify the modification of maintenance depends on
the circumstances of each case. The relevant factors to consider
include his age, health, and motives, and the timing of his ability
to pay maintenance after retirement, as well as the former spouse's
ability to provide for herself. In re Marriage of Waller, 253 Ill.
App. 3d 360, 362, 625 N.E.2d 363, 365 (1993). On review, a
maintenance order will not be reversed unless the record shows an
abuse of discretion. Breuer, 259 Ill. App. 3d at 96, 630 N.E.2d at
1246. A reversal is justified only when it is obvious that the
trial court acted arbitrarily or without conscientious judgment.
Breuer, 259 Ill. App. 3d at 96, 630 N.E.2d at 1246.
In the instant case, respondent is 68 years old and petitioner
is 70 years old. The parties were married for a total of 26 years.
Petitioner's only sources of income are maintenance paid to her by
respondent, social security, and rent paid to her for the use of
her garage, for a total of $1,335 per month. Petitioner testified
she has no assets beyond the marital residence awarded to her at
dissolution. Petitioner did not work after the parties' second
divorce. She did, however, baby-sit for the parties' granddaughter
who was born with Down's Syndrome.
Respondent, on the other hand, worked at the same job for 48
years, earning $68,954 during his final full year of work in 1995.
When the parties divorced in 1979, respondent was earning $42,000
per year. At that time, he agreed to permanent maintenance in the
amount of $750 per month. Respondent's current income consists of
$1,306 per month in social security payments, $1,173.97 per month
in pension, and $585.59 per month in installment payments due on
the sale of a service station respondent was awarded at
dissolution. The final installment is due in 1999. Respondent's
mortgage on his current residence will be paid in full in 1998,
leaving him with an additional $800 per month in discretionary
income. Respondent's pension fund as of June 30, 1994, was valued
at $427,980.10. Respondent's other assets include a life insurance
policy with a cash surrender value of $125,409.17 and a second
insurance policy with a cash value of $20,851.96. Respondent
admitted that he could get additional funds from both his pension
and the life insurance policy, should he choose to do so. Instead,
respondent chooses to reinvest the interest payments made on the
life insurance policy valued in excess of $125,000. Additionally,
respondent and his current wife own a lot at the Lake of the
Ozarks, which they bought for $49,500 upon the sale of their motor
home.
It appears to us that respondent has substantial assets from
which to pay for his current wife's medical bills and the
maintenance award made in 1979. Moreover, should respondent die,
Charlene will in no way be left destitute. After reviewing the
record as a whole and taking into consideration the financial
resources and status of both parties, we cannot say that the denial
of a termination or a reduction in respondent's maintenance
payments was an abuse of discretion or against the manifest weight
of the evidence.
Respondent cites In re Marriage of Munford, 173 Ill. App. 3d
576, 527 N.E.2d 892 (1988), as authority for the proposition that
forcing respondent to withdraw additional money from his retirement
account in order to meet his maintenance obligation is tantamount
to an increase in his maintenance obligation. However, we do not
find the facts in Munford applicable to the situation before us.
In Munford, it was the former wife who filed a petition to modify,
seeking an increase in monthly maintenance from $300 per month to
$750 per month. The trial court granted the increase, mainly on
the basis that petitioner did not receive sufficient assets at the
time the dissolution was entered so that there was an unequal
distribution of marital property due to the husband receiving his
full pension and/or profit-sharing plan. The Munford court agreed
with the former husband that the increase was actually a
modification of the parties' property settlement rather than a
modification of maintenance. Munford, 173 Ill. App. 3d at 579, 527
N.E.2d at 893.
In the instant case, petitioner was not the one seeking an
increase. Instead, respondent was seeking a reduction. Respondent
contends his monthly expenses exceed $4,500 per month while his
income is only around $2,800 per month. However, respondent's
pension is valued at over $427,000, and he has a life insurance
policy valued in excess of $125,000. Respondent admitted that he
can take out additional funds each month should he choose to do so.
Respondent obviously planned well for his retirement, in that he
was able to buy an $84,000 travel trailer and take a $20,000 loss
on it less than two years later. While respondent contends that he
cannot afford the $750 maintenance payment he was ordered to pay in
1979, the record establishes that he can. No issue was raised as
to whether there was an equal distribution of property at the time
of the parties' dissolution of marriage. Therefore, we cannot
agree that Munford is applicable to the present situation.
II
The other issue we must consider is whether respondent is
entitled to a credit toward his maintenance obligation for social
security benefits received by petitioner by virtue of contributions
made by respondent. Respondent contends he is entitled to a credit
and in support of this proposition cites In re Marriage of Henry,
156 Ill. 2d 541, 622 N.E.2d 803 (1993).
In Henry, the respondent, a divorced father of two minor
children, petitioned for a downward modification of his child
support obligation for his child support arrearages. The
respondent contended that the social security dependent disability
allowance which began to be paid to his children at the time he was
found disabled, October 1987, was well in excess of his child
support obligation and arrearages accrued thereon so that he should
be relieved of liability for his arrearages. The trial court
agreed, and the Illinois Department of Public Aid, to which the
petitioner, the mother of the respondent's two children, had
assigned her rights as a recipient of public aid, appealed from the
trial court's determination. On appeal, the Henry court affirmed,
noting that unlike voluntary payments which are not made for the
benefit of the noncustodial parent and which are gratuitous, social
security dependent disability benefits are not gratuitous. They
are generated by the noncustodial parent through labor and earnings
and replace support the child loses upon the disability of the wage
earner responsible for child support. 156 Ill. 2d at 551, 622
N.E.2d at 808-09. Because social security dependent disability
benefits are earned by the noncustodial parent, or made on behalf
of such parent, and are paid at least in part with contributions
from the noncustodial parent's own earnings, the Henry court
concluded that payment of such benefits satisfies the noncustodial
parent's support obligation. 156 Ill. 2d at 552, 622 N.E.2d at
809. We find Henry distinguishable from the case at bar for
numerous reasons, including but not limited to the following.
First, Henry involved social security dependent disability
benefits, whereas the instant case concerns social security old age
insurance benefits. Second, the Henry court was concerned with
child support payments, whereas we are concerned with an award of
permanent maintenance. Third, Henry involves a petitioner who
assigned her rights as a recipient of public aid. There was no
such assignment here.
Social security dependent disability benefits are obviously
much different than social security old age insurance benefits.
Virtually no one plans to become disabled and luckily the
percentage of workers who become disabled is low. On the other
hand, assuming a worker lives long enough, it is inevitable and
foreseeable that he will retire. When respondent and petitioner
reached their settlement in 1979, respondent certainly planned to
retire at some point. Respondent planned well enough to amass over
$427,000 in a pension plan by 1996. This was over and above
contributions he made to the Social Security Administration. The
1979 judgment of dissolution provided that respondent pay
petitioner $750 "per month as and for permanent alimony and
maintenance until the respondent-counterpetitioner's death, the
petitioner-counterrespondent's death, or the petitioner-
counterrespondent's remarriage, whichever occurs first ***." The
order made no provision for a reduction in maintenance once
petitioner began receiving social security benefits.
Respondent is entitled to both a pension and social security
benefits. Likewise, we believe that petitioner should receive both
social security and maintenance. Petitioner receives only $550 per
month in social security benefits and $750 per month in
maintenance. She appears to be able to survive in modest comfort
on this amount, but a reduction of $550 per month would certainly
cause her substantial hardships. Moreover, the record reflects
that respondent is still able to afford to make the $750 payment as
ordered in 1979. As previously stated, we find Henry
distinguishable from the case at bar. Accordingly, we do not find
that respondent is entitled to a credit toward his maintenance
obligation for social security benefits received by petitioner by
virtue of contributions made by respondent.
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the circuit court
of Madison County is affirmed.
Affirmed.
KUEHN, P.J., and HOPKINS, J., concur.
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