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REPORTED IN THE COURT OF SPECIAL APPEALS OF MARYLAND No. 1565 September Term, 2007 _____________________________________ SONDA OWENS V. PRINCE GEORGE'S COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES _____________________________________ Hollander, Salmon, Debelius, John W., III, (Specially Assigned), JJ. _____________________________________ Opinion by Salmon, J. _____________________________________ Filed: September 16, 2008

On January 25, 2002, the Prince George's County Department of Social Services (the "Department") released a written finding that Sonda Owens (hereinafter "Mrs. Owens") was responsible for "indicated" child neglect with regard to her 15 year old niece, Sandy. On December 4, 2004, an administrative law judge ("ALJ") upheld the finding of the Department and signed an order allowing the Department to "identify . . . [Mrs. Owens] as an individual responsible for indicated child neglect in a central registry and in other files." In response to the ALJ's findings, Mrs. Owens filed a petition for judicial review in the Circuit Court for Prince George's County, but that court, for reasons not here material, dismissed her petition. This Court, in an unreported decision filed November 29, 2006, reversed the dismissal and remanded the case to the circuit court. On remand, the circuit court affirmed the decision of the ALJ. Mrs. Owens filed a second appeal, in which she advances three arguments, viz: (1) the ALJ erred when he denied her motion to dismiss the Department's finding of neglect because the Department failed to complete its investigation within 60 days as required by a Maryland statute; (2) the ALJ erred when he found that Mrs. Owens had accepted responsibility for the care, custody, and supervision of Sandy; and (3) there was a lack of substantial evidence in the record to support the ALJ's finding that Mrs. Owens ordered Sandy to leave her home in September 2001 and, therefore, there was no evidentiary basis for the ALJ's finding of indicated child neglect.

I.

An ALJ conducted a hearing on October 28, 2004, concerning Mrs. Owens' alleged neglect of Sandy. At the hearing three witnesses testified: (1) Patrick Emecheta, an employee of the Department; (2) Mrs. Owens; and (3) Derrick A. Owens, Mrs. Owens' husband. In addition, the Department introduced into evidence thirty-three pages from its file concerning the investigation into the allegation that Sandy had been neglected. Sandy was born in March, 1986 and is now twenty-two years old. She was abandoned by her mother, Tiffany, when she was an infant. Sandy's father has been in prison for most of Sandy's life. From the time Sandy was three months old until she was twelve, she lived with her paternal grandmother and step-grandfather in North Carolina. Sandy's paternal grandmother died when she was twelve. Thereafter, she continued to live with her step-grandfather for about two years. Sandy was never adopted. In 1999, when Sandy was thirteen years old, she gave birth, in North Carolina, to a daughter. To further complicate matters, at about the same time, Sandy's step-grandfather became ill with prostate cancer and could no longer look after Sandy. In December 1999, Mrs. Owens' sister, Dinicia McNeal, received a call from an elderly aunt who lived in North Carolina. The caller told Ms. McNeil that someone had to come to North Carolina immediately or else Sandy and her infant daughter would be turned over to the North Carolina's Department of Social Services and would be put in foster care. Ms. McNeil called Mrs. Owens and told her of Sandy's plight. The next morning, Mrs. Owens, her husband, and Ms. McNeil left for North Carolina. In Mrs. Owens' words, she 2

and her sister made the trip because "we were the only family [Sandy] had." After the threesome arrived in North Carolina, they picked up Sandy at her step-grandfather's house and then picked up Sandy's baby at a "care-giver's house." Next, without contacting North Carolina authorities, Mrs. Owens, her husband, and Ms. McNeil took Sandy and her baby to Prince George's County, Maryland. When they arrived in Maryland, Mrs. Owens and Ms. McNeil "jointly" decided that Ms. McNeil would take care of the infant and Mrs. Owens would take care of Sandy.1 Thereafter, Sandy moved into the home of Mrs. Owens and her husband in Upper Marlboro, Maryland. Also living in the house were the Owens' two pre-teen daughters.2 Mrs. Owens thereafter obtained a letter from Sandy's incarcerated father (Mrs. Owens' brother) that authorized Mrs. Owens to enroll Sandy in the Prince George's County school system.

At the hearing before the ALJ, Mrs. Owens and the attorney representing the Department had the following exchange: [Department's Attorney] Q. You, by going down to North Carolina and picking her up, had made the decision that you were going to provide care and custody for Sandy? [Mrs. Owens] A. I made the decision to take care of her. Q. And you did so for two years. Correct? A. Yes.
Mrs. Owens' daughters were ages nine and eleven at the time of the hearing conducted by the ALJ. 3
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For the next two years (approximately), Mrs. Owens and her husband provided Sandy with a good home. In return, Mrs. Owens received $300.00 per month from the Department starting in January, 2000. Nevertheless, Mrs. Owens did not profit from caring for Sandy because she voluntarily paid the $300.00 to Ms. McNeil in order to help the latter pay for daycare expenses for Sandy's daughter. In late August or early September, 2001, when Sandy was fifteen and one-half years old, Sandy left Mrs. Owens' house and went to live with a neighbor named Tina Latamore. The reason Sandy left was a matter of dispute at the hearing before the ALJ. Mr. Emecheta testified that the Department received a report that Mrs. Owens had put Sandy out of the house because she had broken into the Owens' home five times. Mr. Emecheta was assigned to investigate the report of neglect. On September 11, 2001, Mr. Emecheta went to the home of Ms. Latamore, the person with whom Sandy had been staying for about a week. Ms. Latamore advised that she had temporarily taken Sandy in because Mr. and Mrs. Owens had kicked Sandy out of the house. Ms. Latamore advised that although she had provided Sandy with a temporary place to stay and with food, she was no longer willing to care for her. The next day, September 12, 2001, Mr. Emecheta interviewed Sandy, who told him that she had been living with Mrs. Owens and her husband but that they would not let her back into their home. According to Mr. Emecheta, on the same day, September 12, 2001, he spoke with Mrs. Owens and her husband. Mrs. Owens advised that she had taken Sandy in at the request of a North Carolina Social Service Agency because Sandy's grandparents had died. At the time Mrs. Owens had 4

taken Sandy into her care, the whereabouts of Sandy's mother were unknown and Sandy's father was incarcerated. Both Mr. and Mrs. Owens said that Sandy was out of control and had broken into their house four or five times. Mrs. Owens also told Mr. Emecheta in his September 12th interview that although she had taken care of Sandy for the past two years, she would not take her back. Mr. Emecheta also interviewed Sandy's mother, Tiffany, who said that she thought that Sandy's grandparents had adopted Sandy. Mr. Emecheta researched that point and found that there was no record of an adoption in North Carolina. Tiffany further advised Mr. Emecheta that even though she was Sandy's biological mother, she did not know her daughter and did not want to take her in because to do so would disturb the peace of her new family. The "new" family included a husband and five children. According to Mr. Emecheta's testimony, he had four sources upon which he based his conclusion that Mrs. Owens had "kicked out" Sandy from her home about a week before his interview with appellant on September 12, 2001. Those sources were: Ms. Latamore, Sandy, Mrs. Owens, and Mr. Owens.3

When Mr. Emecheta was cross-examined by Mrs. Owens' attorney, the following exchange occurred: Q. Okay. But isn't it true that there was also evidence that she [Sandy] wasn't kicked out, that she left on her own? It was untrue that the child wasn't kicked out. The child was kicked out, completely and 100 percent. (continued...) 5

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A.

Mr. Emecheta further testified that he met with Mrs. Owens and her husband for a second time on October 4, 2001, at a CINA (Child in Need of Assistance) hearing held at the courthouse in Prince George's County. During that conversation he told Mrs. Owens that he would not charge her with neglect if she would agree to take Sandy back into her care. Mrs. Owens refused. Mrs. Owens and her husband testified that they did not kick Sandy out of their home. Instead, Sandy, on her own volition, started to spend more and more time at Ms. Latamore's

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(...continued) Q. How do you know that? A. Q. Because the child told me. Oh, and that's your only source of information, is that a 15-year-old, who you've already declared as in need of assistance, is the source of your conclusion.

MR. WHITACRE: [Counsel for the Department] Objection to the argumentative nature of the question. JUDGE: Objection sustained.

By MR. RUDDY: [Counsel for Mrs. Owens]: Q. A. All right. So the only source you have is this 15-year-old, Sandy? Not my only source. Ms. Latamore also confirmed that the child was kicked out. Mrs. Owens also confirmed that the child was kicked out. Okay. Mrs. Owens' husband also confirmed that the child was kicked out. 6

Q. A.

home. According to the Owens' account, Sandy would stay at the neighbor's house in the company of her boyfriend, William, age seventeen. Sandy sometimes stayed with Ms. Latamore for several nights in a row. Mrs. Owens further testified that she and her brother had contacted the Department earlier in September 2001 and asked what options were available in order to give Sandy "some help." The Department advised that there was an independent living program that might be available but they needed to bring Sandy to the Department so that it could be determined whether she was eligible for that program. Mrs. Owens attempted to take Sandy into the Department but Sandy refused to cooperate. Mrs. Owens also testified that on September 5, 2001 she, her husband, and her brother (Michael Adams) went across the street to Ms. Latamore's house. They paid this visit because Sandy had failed to come home the previous evening. Ms. Latamore was at work. Their knock on the door was answered by Sandy's boyfriend. The boyfriend advised that Sandy "wasn't coming out and wasn't going anywhere." Mrs. Owens then summoned the police. The police arrived at Ms. Latamore's house but the officers were unsuccessful in getting Sandy to come out. Both Mrs. Owens and her husband contradicted Mr. Emecheta's testimony that he had talked to them on September 12, 2001. According to the Owens' testimony, they only talked to Mr. Emecheta once and that was at the October 4, 2001, CINA hearing.

II. The Sixty Day Requirement 7

The Department received its first report of suspected neglect concerning Sandy on September 5, 2001. The Department's investigation was not completed until January 25, 2002, which was 142 days after receipt of the first report of neglect. Maryland Code (2004), Family Law Article ("FL"), section 5-706 reads, in material part, as follows:

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