SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
A-3431-95T3
ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATIONS,
INC., a New Jersey Corporation,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
JOHN C. D'URSO and JEAN M.
D'URSO, his wife,
Defendants-Respondents,
and
AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION,
WELLINGTON J. DAVIS, HOME BUYERS
WARRANTY,
Defendants.
_____________________________________________
Argued: June 3, 1997 Decided: July 9, 1997
Before Judges Dreier and Villanueva.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New
Jersey, Chancery Division, Monmouth County.
Thomas Daniel McCloskey argued the cause
for appellant.
Michael R. Rubino, Jr. argued the cause for
respondents (Fay, Pandolfe, Shaw, Rubino &
Vecchione, attorneys; Mr. Rubino, of
counsel; Adriana M. Muolo, on the brief).
The opinion of the court was delivered by
VILLANUEVA, J.A.D. (retired and temporarily assigned on recall).
Plaintiff appeals from an order denying injunctive relief to restrain a "Homeowners Buyers Warranty" arbitration proceeding involving alleged defects in the home plaintiff constructed for John
and Jean D'Urso ("defendants"). We affirm.
On January 25, 1994, the defendants entered into a contract with
Marius Gudelis and his corporation, Architectural Innovations, Inc.
(plaintiff), for the construction of a five-bedroom house at 5 Goose
Point Drive, Colts Neck, New Jersey for $441,575. This price did not
include the cost of the land, which the defendants had purchased
separately. As construction of the house neared completion, the
defendants contended that the house was not constructed in a
satisfactory manner. Defendants refused to pay the final payment of
$48,573.25 when plaintiff demanded it because, according to
defendants, the house was not complete.
Plaintiff filed a demand for arbitration to obtain payment of
the balance of the money plaintiff claimed was due ($81,522.22, plus
fees). Paragraph IV-m of the contract between plaintiff and
defendants provided that either party "may submit any dispute to this
contract to arbitration in accordance with the American Arbitration
Association's Construction Industry Arbitration Rules."
Defendants, in their Answering Statement to the Demand for
Arbitration with Demand for Set Off and Counterclaim, requested the
following:
THE CLAIM OR RELIEF SOUGHT (the amount, if any): The
Respondent/counterclaimant seeks the disallowance of the
purported extras and upgrades in the sum of $32,948.97, the
repair of all defective items of workmanship, the
completion of all incomplete items, the reduction of the
balance due on contract for $48,573.25 and the sum of
$23,543.54 for expenses incurred or to be incurred by the
respondent/counterclaimant as a result of the claimant's
breach of contract, a sum sufficient to perform proper
repairs of the structurally deficient basement floor which
has been estimated to approximate the sum of $20,000, legal
fees, arbitration fees and expenses, witness fees and any
other damages incurred as the result of claimant's breach
of contract.
An arbitration hearing took place in February and March 1995,
over the course of eight days. John Rudderow, of the American
Arbitration Association, was the arbitrator. Both sides provided
expert and lay witnesses, as well as an on-site inspection, to
support their positions. Only certain portions of the transcript of
the proceedings are presently in existence.
On April 3, 1995, John Rudderow issued his one-page decision.
The decision did not incorporate a finding of what claims had been
considered, nor did it include a statement addressing what claims had
been either specifically accepted or rejected by Rudderow. The
arbitration award stated:
1. JOHN D'URSO AND JEAN D'URSO, hereinafter
referred to as the RESPONDENT, shall pay to
ARCHITECTURAL INNOVATIONS, INC., hereinafter
referred to as CLAIMANT, the sum of THIRTY
THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED DOLLARS ($30,700.00).
2. Each party is to pay his or her Attorney Fees.
3. The administrative fees and expenses of the AAA
shall be borne equally by the parties and shall
be paid as directed by the Association.
4. This Award is in full settlement and consideration
of All Claims and Counterclaims submitted to this
arbitration.
Defendants subsequently filed a demand for arbitration under the
"2-10 Home Buyers Warranty" policy. The defendants' Home Buyers
Warranty states, in pertinent part:
If the Homeowner(s) have submitted their complaints to the
Builder and Home Buyers Warranty as described under III[,]
"What the Homeowner Must Do," the Builder will have 30 days
to inspect the home and to respond to the Homeowner(s) as
to what action the Builder intends to take and the time by
which the defect will be corrected...If the Homeowner(s)
and Builder do not reach an agreement, if the builder does
not make the repairs promptly or if the Homeowner is not
satisfied with any repair of defects made by the builder,
either the Builder or the Homeowner(s) may request an
impartial third party arbitration with a Home Buyer
Warranty approved arbitration service which will be
conducted in accordance with their rules and regulations.
The American Arbitration Association Rules for Home Warranty
Arbitration provide:
These rules shall apply whenever the parties have agreed to
arbitrate under them, or under any existing home-owner
warranty or insurance dispute settlement program providing
for administration by the American Arbitration Association
(AAA). These rules shall be applied as set forth under the
certificate of participation, insurance policy, or other
applicable documentation. They apply to the extent that
they are not inconsistent with applicable statutes or with
the agreement of the parties.
Along with their demand for arbitration under the Home Buyers
Warranty, the defendants included a list, which addressed items that
the defendants contended had not been previously considered in the
earlier arbitration proceeding and also included some items that were
allegedly discovered after the award had been made by the arbitrator.
On April 25, 1995, the American Arbitration Association issued
its award and approved a number of the new claims that the defendants
had listed. The award did not require plaintiff to pay money
damages, but rather, required plaintiff to repair the defects.
In a letter dated August 21, 1995, the plaintiff made a request
for a clarification of the Construction Industry Arbitration award.
The plaintiff demanded that the American Arbitration Association
direct the arbitrator of the Construction Industry Arbitration, John
Rudderow, to issue a clarification. Rudderow issued a clarification
of his April 3, 1995 decision in the form of a Disposition of
Application for Clarification of Award. The clarification provides:
The award was in full settlement of all items
discussed during the eight (8) days of this Arbitration
case, which can be listed from the punch lists that were
submitted, C-6-A, C-6-B, C-6-C, C-6-D, C-6-E, C-6-F, C-6-G
and C-7 all submitted as Exhibits on February 7, 1995, and
discussed during the course of the hearings.
On September 25, 1995, plaintiff, after filing suit in the
Superior Court, obtained an order to show cause to confirm the
original Construction Industry Arbitration Award and obtained
restraints which temporarily stayed the Home Buyers Warranty
arbitration and set a continued hearing before the court.
An October 25, 1995 order required that defendants "bear the
burden of adducing evidence or other proofs that demonstrate and
otherwise prove that the claims and defects itemized... were not
considered or included within the claims and defects itemized and
annexed as part of the Defendants' Demand for Arbitration with
Demand for Set-Off and Counterclaim....".
After a final hearing on December 14, 1995, Judge McGann
rendered an oral opinion. On January 23, 1996, Judge McGann signed
an order which states:
1. The Home Buyer's Warranty action commenced
by...John D'Urso and Jean D'Urso, husband and
wife, (homeowners), may proceed on the items not
previously considered in the Construction
Industry Arbitration....
2. The stay on the Home Buyer's Warranty
arbitration is lifted so as to allow the
defendants to proceed with their claims against
the contractor, Architectural Innovations, Inc.
3. The Defendants may proceed with the Home Buyers
Warranty Arbitration on those items contained in
Exhibit "A" and Exhibit "B" which include those
deficiencies the plaintiff was notified of prior
to the expiration of the one year policy
coverage, yet were not previously considered in
the arbitration.
4. The Home Buyer's Warranty issued to the
defendants by Architectural Innovations, Inc.,
shall remain in effect under the terms and for
the periods indicated in the policy manual. The
effective date of the Home Buyers Warranty shall
be November 19, 1994, as indicated by the Home
Buyers Warranty.
On February 23, 1996, plaintiff filed a Notice of Appeal with
the Appellate Division.
On February 26, 1996, a Home Buyers Warranty arbitration was
held at defendants' home. Plaintiff sought to stay the arbitration,
having filed a Notice of Appeal just prior to the Home Buyers
Warranty arbitration. However, both the Chancery Division and the
Appellate Division denied the stay and the arbitration proceeded as
scheduled. Marius Gudelis of Architectural Innovations, Inc., would
not appear for the Home Buyers Warranty arbitration.
In contrast to the eight-day Construction Industry Arbitration,
the Home Owners Warranty arbitration took approximately two and one-half hours. The arbitrator did not take testimony, as did the
Construction Industry arbitrator, but rather, walked through the
defendants' residence and observed each of the defects listed and
permitted to be arbitrated per the court order of January 23, 1996.
On April 25, 1996, the American Arbitration Association handed down
its award which approved approximately seventy-five percent of the
new claims listed by the defendants. As we noted, the award did not
require financial reimbursement by the plaintiff, nor did the
defendants request financial reimbursement, but rather required
plaintiff to repair the defects. Apparently, Architectural
Innovations, Inc., and Marius Gudelis have not repaired any of the
defects per the Home Owners Warranty policy award, presumably because
of the pending appeal.
On appeal, plaintiff argues:
THE "NEW CLAIMS" OF THE D'URSO'S WERE AND ARE BARRED BY THE
EXPRESS TERMS OF THE APRIL 3, 1995 ARBITRATION DECISION AND
OTHERWISE AS A MATTER OF LAW; AND, THEREFORE, IN FAILING TO
DISMISS THEM, THE LOWER COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION AND
COMMITTED REVERSIBLE ERROR.
A. The D'Urso's Second Arbitration Claims were and
are barred by the doctrines of res judicata, "entire
controversy" and "law of the case".
B. The remand of the D'Urso's Second Arbitration Claims to
the original Arbitrator for clarification was neither
feasible, warranted nor proper as a matter of law.
C. Since the Defendant Homeowners had already elected their
remedy by pursuing arbitration, the lower court was and is
empowered by N.J.S.A. a:24-7 and R. 4:67-2(b) to confirm
and enforce the Original Arbitration Award as a final
judgment, despite the late date; and, in failing to do so,
the court erred.
We affirm substantially for the reasons stated by Judge McGann
in his oral opinion on December 14, 1995. Judge McGann properly
considered all the requirements of Tretina Printing, Inc. v.
Fitzpatrick and Associates,
135 N.J. 349 (1994).
Although it was difficult to determine which of the items had
actually been a part of the initial arbitration award, Judge McGann
correctly decided that the second arbitration was not precluded by
the first. The parties had apparently specifically left particular
items for a later decision under a proceeding that was entirely
different from the initial construction arbitration. In the Home
Buyers Warranty arbitration, the arbitrator determines which items
need to be addressed by the builder and then the builder has to
repair same. If the builder does not rectify the defects found by
the arbitrator within a reasonable period of time, the builder's
insurer or the State can proceed to repair the items and eventually
recover, by way of subrogation, from the builder for such costs.
N.J.S.A. 46:3B-7. The Home Buyers Warranty covers only a certain
portion of the construction, and therefore the arbitrations are at
least theoretically separable.
It is clear that defendants should not have been forced to
present all their claims in the original arbitration proceeding. The
plaintiff builder brought its action for the balance due well within
the warranty period, even before the warranty was issued. The owners
had a right to determine how the roof, basement, mechanical and
electrical systems, etc. operated and to examine the workmanship and
defects for at least one year before they were forced to present
their claims. They could present their claims not later than seven
days after the date on which the warranty on that item expires.
N.J.A.C. 5:25-5.5(b)1. In fact, there was a ten-year warranty for
major structural defects. N.J.S.A. 46:3B-3 and N.J.A.C. 5:25-3.2
Most of the items presented in this last claim were small, and the
cost to repair the various items was not even a factor in the
arbitration. The arbitrator determined the deficiencies and the
builder was ordered to correct them. The cost of repair only becomes
relevant when the builder defaults and the State either performs the
work or directs the insurer to do so.
Affirmed.