SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-4113-99T1
ESTATE OF HARRINGTON,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
CITY OF LINDEN,
Defendant-Respondent.
_______________________________
Argued February 21, 2001 - Decided March 26, 2001
Before Judges Skillman, Wecker and Lesemann.See footnote 11
On appeal from Superior Court of
New Jersey, Law Division, Union
County, L-5627-99.
Michael P. Laffey argued the cause
for appellant (Cassidy, Messina & Laffey
attorneys; Mr. Laffey on the brief).
Michael A. Posnock argued the cause
for respondent.
The opinion of the court was delivered by
WECKER, J.A.D.
John Harrington died in an airplane accident at Linden
Airport on October 25, 1998. N.J.S.A. 59:8-8a bars recovery
against a public entity if the claimant fails to "file his claim
with the public entity within ninety days of accrual . . . ."
The ninetieth day after October 25, 1998 was Saturday, January
23. N.J.S.A. 59:8-10a permits presentation of a claim "to a
local public entity by delivering it or mailing it certified mail
to the entity." A tort claims notice was filed on behalf of his
estate by hand-delivering the notice to the Clerk of the City of
Linden on Monday, January 25, 1999, ninety-two days after the
accident.
Plaintiff filed a motion in the Law Division seeking a
declaration that its notice, delivered on January 25, was timely
filed or in the alternative for leave to file a late claim
pursuant to N.J.S.A. 59:8-9. The motion judge denied plaintiff's
requested relief, finding both the original notice of claim and
the motion for leave to file a late notice untimely.
We conclude that plaintiff's notice of claim was timely
filed with the city when it was hand-delivered on Monday, January
25.See footnote 22 We therefore reverse. Although plaintiff could have
accomplished timely filing by mailing the notice certified mail
on the ninetieth day, Saturday, January 23, a day when the city's
offices were closed, plaintiff chose instead to avail itself of
the option of delivering the notice. Plaintiff did so on Monday,
January 25, which was the next business day available for in-
person delivery to the municipal entity.
We find ample support for the proposition that where the
ninetieth day after accrual of a tort claim against a public
entity falls on a Saturday, the required notice can be timely
filed by hand-delivery on the following Monday. N.J.S.A. 36:1-
1.1 provides in pertinent part:
Each Saturday in each year shall, for all
purposes whatsoever as regards the
transaction of business in the public offices
of this State, and the counties and
municipalities in this State, be considered
as [a] Sunday and as [a] public holiday[].
In Poetz v. Mix,
7 N.J. 436 (1951), the Court held that "where
the last day of the period prescribed by the statute of
limitations for commencing an action . . . falls on . . . a
Sunday or a legal holiday when public offices are legally closed
to the transactions of business [which now includes SaturdaySee footnote 33],
such an action commenced on the next day which is not a dies
non[See footnote 44] is not too late. . . . Such construction will best
protect the interests of litigants and must for that reason be
presumed to carry into effect the legislative intent." 7 N.J. at
446-47. In Poetz, where the two-year Statute of Limitations for
filing plaintiff's complaint would have expired on a Saturday
when the courthouse was closed, a mailed complaint that was
opened in the courthouse on Monday was deemed timely.
In State v. Rhodes,
11 N.J. 515 (1953), the Court relied
upon Poetz in holding that when a two-year Statute of Limitations
on a fraud indictment would have expired on a Sunday, the
indictment that was returned on the following Monday was timely.
And in Potter v. Brady Transfer & Storage Co.,
21 N.J. Super. 175, 178 (App. Div. 1952), we held that where the deadline for
filing a worker's compensation claim fell on a Sunday, a claim
filed on the following Monday was timely.
Our court rules, specifically R. 1:3-1, provide that if the
last day of a period fixed for an act or event to occur falls on
a Saturday, "the period runs until the end of the next day which
is neither a Saturday, Sunday nor legal holiday." See generally
Pressler, N.J. Court Rules, comment to R. 1:3-1 and authorities
cited therein. In Mercer County Park Comm'n v. DiTullio Plumbing
& Heating Co., Inc.
139 N.J. Super. 36, 39 (App. Div.), certif.
denied,
70 N.J. 276 (1976), the thirty-day limit for accepting
public bids pursuant to N.J.S.A. 40A:11-24 was construed to
extend to the next business day when the thirtieth day fell on a
Saturday. In State v. Jones,
181 N.J. Super. 549 (Law Div.
1981), the court so extended the deadline for filing a civil
forfeiture action pursuant to N.J.S.A. 2C:64-3a. And in the
context of election law, N.J.S.A. 19:11-1 extends filing
deadlines that fall on "Sunday or any legal holiday" to the "next
following business day."
We see no reason to apply a different rule to the filing of
a notice of tort claim, at least where a plaintiff chooses the
option of delivering the notice to the pubic entity pursuant to
N.J.S.A. 59:8-10a. We hold that the next-business-day rule
applies to the delivery of a required notice of claim under the
Tort Claims Act, and delivery of plaintiff's tort claims notice
on Monday, January 25 was timely.See footnote 55
Reversed.
Footnote: 1 1 Judge Lesemann did not participate in oral argument. However, the parties have consented to his participation in the decision. Footnote: 2 2 In light of our holding that the January 25 delivery represents a timely filing, we need not address the estate's motion for leave to file a late notice. Footnote: 3 3 N.J.S.A. 36:1-1.1 was amended by L. 1955, c. 196, effective August 5, 1955, to treat each Saturday of the year the same as a Sunday or public holiday. Footnote: 4 4 "Dies non," short for "dies non juridicus," is "a day exempt from court proceedings, such as a holiday or a Sunday." Black's Law Dictionary 466 (7th ed.) Footnote: 5 5 We need not and therefore do not address in this opinion the question whether, if the ninetieth day falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, filing by mail must be accomplished by placing the notice into a mail collection site no later than the ninetieth day, and whether the availability of actual mail collection and a postmark on Saturdays but not on Sundays or legal holidays would affect the answer to that question.