SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
A-7059-95T5
JOSHUA BOYD,
Appellant,
vs.
DIVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLES,
Respondent.
Argued December 8, 1997 - Decided January 21, 1998
Before Judges Skillman and Lesemann.
On appeal from a final order of the Director
of the Division of Motor Vehicles.
Steven H. Gifis argued the cause for
appellant (Jeffrey L. Weinstein, on the brief).
Scott E. Rekant, Deputy Attorney General argued
the cause for respondent (Peter Verniero,
Attorney General, attorney; Mary C. Jacobson,
Assistant Attorney General, of counsel;
Mr. Rekant, on the brief).
The opinion of the court was delivered by
LESEMANN, J.S.C. (temporarily assigned).
Joshua Boyd appeals from a July 8, 1996 order of the Division of Motor Vehicles (the Division) which suspended his New Jersey driver's license for six months because of a New York conviction and license suspension for driving while intoxicated in that state. The New Jersey suspension was imposed pursuant to the Interstate Driver License Compact (the Compact), N.J.S.A. 39:5D-1. Boyd acknowledges that such a reciprocal suspension is normally
mandatory under the Compact, but claims that a thirteen month delay
between the New York and the New Jersey actions has resulted in the
New Jersey suspension running consecutively to, rather than
concurrently with, the New York suspension. He asks that the New
Jersey suspension be deemed to run concurrently with the New York
term or, alternatively, that the New Jersey suspension be vacated.
Because we are satisfied that the Division's actions are
consistent with the Compact and violated none of Boyd's rights, we
affirm the order under review.
The facts are not complicated. On June 6, 1995, Boyd, who was
then eighteen years old and a resident of New Jersey (with a New
Jersey driver's license), pleaded guilty in Canton, New York, to
having driven while intoxicated on December 8, 1993. As a result,
his New York driving privileges were revoked for one year. His New
Jersey license was not taken from him at that time (he had no New
York license) although he and his father maintain that, because his
car had been demolished in the 1993 incident, and also as a
disciplinary measure, he did no further driving in New Jersey or
anywhere else until his New York suspension ended on June 6, 1996.
During that time he did, however, renew his New Jersey driver's
license, although he maintains that he did so only for
identification purposes.
On March 28, 1996, Boyd received a notice from the Division
that, because of the New York conviction, and pursuant to the
provisions of the Compact, it intended to suspend his New Jersey
driver's license. The Compact provides that if a driver is
convicted of certain offenses (including driving while intoxicated)
in some state other than his home state, then the licensing
authority in the home state shall apply to that driver the
penalties of the home state, i.e., the penalty which would have
been imposed by the home state had the offense been committed
there. In this case, the home state being New Jersey, the
penalty to be applied here was a six month suspension.See footnote 1
The New York conviction had been posted to Boyd's New Jersey
driver's record only the day before the Division advised him of its
intention to suspend, and the Division maintains that it had
received notice of the conviction from the New York authorities
only a short time before - probably within the preceding two
weeks.See footnote 2 Upon receipt of the Division's notice, Boyd requested a
hearing. A conference was held on July 8, 1996, and on that date
the Division issued an order suspending Boyd's New Jersey driving
license for 180 days, beginning on July 8, 1996.See footnote 3
Boyd's argument rests on the inordinate delay between the
start of his New York suspension (June 6, 1995) and his receipt of
New Jersey's notice of intention to suspend some nine and one-half
months later, on March 27, 1996. He argues that if he had received
the New Jersey notice promptly after the New York suspension was
imposed, the two suspensions could have been served concurrently.
Thus, he says, the effect of the delay is to add a substantial
period to his total suspension.
The claim that faster action by New Jersey following the New
York suspension would have given Boyd the benefit of concurrent
suspensions by the two states is probably correct, and the nine and
one-half month delay is certainly unfortunate. But Boyd provides
no satisfactory response to the answer submitted by the Division:
that the delay was not attributable to it; that New Jersey acted
promptly when it received notice of the New York suspension; and
that it cannot control the actions of, or delays by, its New York
counterparts. It argues that the Compact does not establish time
limits for reciprocal acts of suspension and that acceptance of
Boyd's position would undercut the strong state policy embodied in
the Compact. We agree. While it would certainly be desirable to
take whatever action can be taken to minimize such delays in the
future, we do not believe it is reasonable, or even permissible,
for us to visit the sins of another state (if there were sins) on
the New Jersey Division of Motor Vehicles and thus frustrate the
legislative policy embodied in the Interstate Compact.
This case, of course, does not involve a fact pattern such as
that in In Re Arndt,
67 N.J. 432 (1975) where the Court vacated an
order of suspension because the New Jersey agency was guilty of an
unreasonable delay. Here, the record indicates no delay at all by
the New Jersey agency.
In addition, the Division submits a number of valid arguments
that undercut Boyd's claim of hardship.
First, as noted, the New York suspension involved only Boyd's
driving privileges within that state. He remained free to drive
within his home state of New Jersey or any of the forty-eight other
states. Any restriction on his driving outside New York was
entirely voluntary on his part or the part of his father. And, of
course, any claim of such voluntary abstention is simply
unverifiable.
Second, had Boyd not protracted the New Jersey proceedings
once he received the Division's notice of intention to suspend,
almost half his New Jersey suspension time would in fact have run
concurrently with the New York suspension. Boyd received that
notice on March 28, 1996. At that time, almost two and one-half
months remained on his New York suspension period, which was not to
expire until June 6, 1996. Had he immediately accepted the
proposed New Jersey suspension, those two and one-half months would
have been served at the same time he was serving his New York
suspension and the consecutive portion of the New Jersey
suspension would have been only a bit more than three and one-half
months, rather than the six months of which he complains.
And third, the Division notes that Boyd is not the first
person to be faced with this problem. Others have faced it in the
past and resolved it in a relatively simple manner that was
available to Boyd: when the out of state suspension was imposed,
they simply notified the Division of that suspension, provided a
copy of the order of suspension, and mailed their New Jersey
license to the Division. In that way their New Jersey suspension
commenced almost simultaneously with the out-of-state suspension
and ran essentially concurrently with it.
We also note two further arguments made by Boyd which we do
not find persuasive.
As a result of his New York arrest in 1993, Boyd enrolled in
a New Jersey state operated program conducted by the Intoxicated
Driver Resource Center (IDRC) and completed that program on June
25, 1995. He contends that his enrollment constituted notice to
the Division of his New York conviction, regardless of whether
formal notice thereof had been transmitted from New York to New
Jersey. The Division replies that the IDRC program is a remedial,
treatment program which has no connection with, and does not report
to, any enforcement official.See footnote 4 And it also notes that Boyd
actually enrolled in the IDRC program before his New York
conviction (although after the offense had been committed) and
thus, even if his participation had been brought to the attention
of enforcement officials, there would have been no basis for them
to take any action against Boyd. We agree with the Division's
position: Boyd's participation in the IDRC program is an
irrelevancy and did not provide notice to the Division of his New
York conviction and license suspension.
Finally, Boyd maintains that he is now a resident of Colorado
and if New Jersey goes through with its proposed suspension of his
license, Colorado as his present home state will probably do the
same and the unfair penalties imposed upon him will be magnified.
The State denies the premise of the argument - that Colorado will
probably impose a reciprocal suspension - but even assuming that
Boyd's contention is correct, the argument clearly is one that
should be addressed to Colorado authorities and not to this court.
Affirmed.
Footnote: 1 1 The New Jersey statute dealing with driving while intoxicated, N.J.S.A. 39:4-50(a)(1), provides for a suspension of between six months and one year for a first offense. However, the Director has provided by regulation that for an out of state conviction of a New Jersey resident the suspension period for a first offense shall be the minimum term of six months. N.J.A.C. 13:19-11.1(b). Footnote: 2 2 Boyd's attorney says he suspects that the Division actually received notice of the New York suspension long before the time when the Division acknowledges such receipt. However, the record contains no support for that contention. Footnote: 3 3 The suspension order was stayed pending resolution of this appeal. Footnote: 4 4 The Division adds that, in order to encourage IDRC participation by anyone who has an alcohol problem, the separation between the remedial and enforcement programs is a matter of deliberate policy.