SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-4127-99T1
KENNETH ADLER, an infant by
his Guardian ad Litem, BRUCE
ADLER, and BRUCE ADLER and
JANET ADLER individually,
Plaintiffs-Respondents,
v.
SANDY H. CHIN, SOON FOT NOODLE
CO., INC., a/k/a GREEN POINT
PRODUCT CO. and SUNG JUN HONG,
STATE OF NEW JERSEY, BOROUGH
OF ALPINE, BOROUGH OF CRESSKILL,
Defendants,
and
CAMDEN FIRE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION,
Defendant/Third Party
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY,
Third Party Defendant-
Respondent.
Argued February 22, 2001 - Decided March 14, 2001
Before Judges Baime and Carchman.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
Division, Bergen County, L-1555-95.
Robert J. Aste argued the cause for appellant (Morgan,
Melhuish, Monaghan, Arvidson, Abrutyn & Lisowski,
attorneys; Elliot Abrutyn, of counsel; Mr. Aste, on the
brief).
Michael Della Rovere argued the cause for respondent
Allstate Insurance Company (O'Toole & Couch, attorneys;
Brian R. O'Toole, on the brief).
Respondents Adler did not file a brief.
The opinion of the Court was delivered by
CARCHMAN, J.A.D.
This appeal arises from a conflict between two automobile
insurance carriers providing Underinsured Motorist (UIM)
coverage. Plaintiff Camden Fire Insurance Association appeals
from a judgment of the Law Division determining that the "excess-
escape" provision of its UIM coverage and that of defendant
Allstate Insurance Company required that a claim brought by
Kenneth Adler, plaintiff's insured, be pro-rated between
plaintiff and defendant. The trial judge rejected plaintiff's
assertion that its UIM coverage was excess to defendant's UIM
coverage. We reverse and conclude that under Magnifico v.
Rutgers Casualty Insurance Co.,
153 N.J. 406 (1998), and our
earlier decision in Di Ciurcio v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.,
299 N.J. Super. 426 (App. Div. 1997), defendant's policy provides
primary coverage to Adler and plaintiff's policy is excess.
This litigation arises as a result of a tragic automobile
accident resulting in the death of two teenagers and injuries to
others involved in the accident. At the time of the accident,
Kenneth Adler, then age fifteen, was a passenger in an automobile
owned by Barry L. and Ronnie Feinberg. This vehicle (the host
vehicle) was operated by the Feinberg's son Andrew and insured by
defendant. At the time of the accident, Kenneth was being driven
to his home where he resided with his parents Bruce and Janet
Adler. The Adlers owned a vehicle which was insured by
plaintiff. As the Feinberg vehicle was stopped to make a turn,
it was struck in the rear by a van operated by Sandy Chin and
owned by Soon Fat Noodle Co. After it was struck by the Chin
vehicle, the Feinberg vehicle was struck by another vehicle owned
and operated by Sung Jun Hong. Both Andrew Feinberg and another
passenger in the Feinberg vehicle, Andrew Strasser, died as a
result of the accident. Kenneth Adler suffered personal
injuries. Four tort actions were filed as a result of the
accident, and we are advised that three have settled.
Plaintiff asserts that defendant is the primary coverage
carrier since the "excess-escape" provision of defendant's policy
addressing "other insurance" is not operative when its insured
vehicle is the host vehicle involved in the accident. Plaintiff
concedes that its "excess-escape" language is essentially the
same, but argues that its responsibility is excess to defendant's
primary coverage. We agree that both our decision in De Ciurcio,
supra,
299 N.J. Super. 426, and that of the Supreme Court in
Magnifico supra,
153 N.J. 406, support this view. The issues
before us require that we examine the language of the policies at
issue.See footnote 11
Although he did not delineate the policy language, the trial
judge concluded:
given the "other insurance" clause of the
policies in question that the Adler claim
must be pro rated as between Allstate and
Camden. The court further finds that given
the fact that in addition to the Adler claims
the Allstate policy has two additional claims
against it, the pro ration will be on the
balance remaining on the policy after the two
other claims have been satisfied.
We disagree with the conclusion reached by the trial judge.
In Magnifico, supra, the Supreme Court held, under policy
language similar to that of the provisions at issue here, that
the host vehicle coverage was primary and the injured party's own
coverage was excess to the primary coverage. 153 N.J. at 416.
See also Royal Ins. Co. v. Rutgers Cas. Ins. Co.,
271 N.J. Super. 409, 419-20 (App. Div. 1994). We recently discussed the holding
in Magnifico in Hallion v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., ____
N.J. Super. ____ (App. Div. 2001) (slip op. at 11-12):
In Magnifico, the Court addressed the
issue of UIM coverage under multiple
insurance policies. . . . [P]laintiff and
her husband were passengers in a car owned
and driven by Grace DeNichilo. The DeNichilo
vehicle collided with a vehicle driven by
Frank Cameron and owned by Beverly Manning.
The Manning vehicle was insured by [a] State
Farm Policy with a liability limit of
$25,000.00. CSC Insurance Company insured
the DeNichilo's car and provided UIM coverage
of $250,000.00. Plaintiff's own automobile
policy was with Rutgers Casualty Insurance
Company which provided UIM coverage of
$100,000.00. Plaintiff's insurance policy
provided a standard "other insurance" clause
which stated "any insurance we provide with
respect to a vehicle you do not own shall be
excess over any other collectible insurance."
Applying the clear and unambiguous language
of the insurance contract, the Court held
that the CSC policy provided primary coverage
and the Rutgers policy provided excess
coverage.
[Ibid. (citations omitted).]
Hallion involved facts similar to those in Magnifico and this
appeal. In Hallion, plaintiff was injured while driving in an
automobile owned by her daughter and insured by CNA. Id. at 2-3.
Plaintiff had her own policy issued by Liberty Mutual. Ibid.
The minimal liability coverage on the tortfeasor's vehicle
triggered the respective policies' UIM coverage. Ibid. Applying
Magnifico, we concluded:
Liberty Mutual's policy provided to
plaintiffs contained the standard "other
insurance" clause similar to the policy in
Magnifico, and the CSC policy of the host
vehicle provided UIM coverage to Dale Hallion
as a person "occupying" the covered vehicle.
Applying the clear policy language, we
conclude that CNA provided primary coverage
and Liberty Mutual provided excess UIM
coverage to plaintiffs.
[Id. at 12.]
In Di Ciurcio, supra,
299 N.J. Super. 426, decided prior to
Magnifico, we interpreted policy language substantially similar
to that appearing in both Magnifico and Hallion. Plaintiff was a
passenger in an automobile insured by Liberty Mutual and owned by
the father of the driver. Id. at 428. Following an automobile
accident involving another vehicle, plaintiff sought UIM coverage
from both Allstate, plaintiff's father's automobile insurer, and
from Liberty Mutual. Id. at 428-29. Allstate successfully
argued that pursuant to its policy's "excess-escape" provision,
its coverage was excess to Liberty Mutual's primary coverage as
insurer of the host vehicle, and we so held. Id. at 428, 433.
We find defendant's argument here that its UIM coverage must
be considered pro rata with plaintiff's coverage to be
disingenuous. Not only does that argument fly in the face of
Magnifico, it is also directly contrary to the position taken by
this same defendant in Di Ciurcio in interpreting policy language
substantially similar to that in this case. Particularly irksome
is defendant's inference that Di Ciurcio may have been decided
incorrectly because it "came at a time of significant confusion
in the area of underinsured motorist coverage," as is its
observation that "Di Ciurcio has yet to be followed in a
subsequent case." Not only is Di Ciurcio a correct statement of
the law, it is entirely consistent with both Magnifico and our
recent decision in Hallion. Also noteworthy, defendant does not
suggest that any language in its or plaintiff's policy compels a
different result.See footnote 22
In sum, we conclude that the trial judge erred in holding
that the policies were to considered pro rata. We conclude that
plaintiff's policy is excess to defendant's, which is primary.
Reversed.
Footnote: 1 1 The Allstate Policy declares a $250,000 UIM coverage limit
for any one person injured in any one accident, and $500,000
limit for all persons injured in any one accident. The Allstate
Policy's Part C describes its UIM coverage:
Insuring Agreement
We will pay damages which an insured is
legally entitled to recover from the owner or
operator of an uninsured motor vehicle or
underinsured motor vehicle where such
coverage is indicated as applicable in the
Declarations because of:
1. Bodily injury sustained by an insured and
caused by an accident . . .
"Insured" as used in this Part means: . . .
2. Any other person occupying your covered
auto . . .
Other Insurance
If there is other applicable similar
insurance we will pay only our share of the
loss. Our share is the proportion that our
limit of liability bears to the total of all
applicable limits.
However, any insurance we provide with
respect to a vehicle you do not own, or a
vehicle owned by you or a family member which
is not insured for this coverage under this
policy, shall be excess over any other
collectible insurance.
The Camden policy's Part C provides $1,000,000 UIM coverage
as amended by its "Uninsured Motorists Coverage - New Jersey"
endorsement. The Part C insuring agreement (per the New Jersey
endorsement) provides in relevant part:
Insuring Agreement
We will pay compensatory damages which an
"insured" is legally entitled to recover from
the owner or operator of an "uninsured motor
vehicle" or "underinsured motor vehicle"
where such coverage is indicated as
applicable in the Schedule or Declarations
because of:
1. "Bodily injury" sustained by an
"insured" and caused by an accident . . .
"Insured" as used in this endorsement means:
You or any "family member" . . .
Other Insurance
If there is other applicable similar
insurance under more than one policy or
provision of coverage:
1. Any recovery for damages for
"property damage" or "bodily
injury" sustained by an "insured"
may equal but not exceed the higher
of the applicable limit for any one
vehicle under this insurance or any
other insurance.
2. Any insurance we provide with
respect to a vehicle you do not own
shall be excess over any other
collectible insurance.
3. We will pay only our share of
the loss. Our share is the
proportion that our limit bears to
the total of all applicable limits.
Footnote: 2 2 We also rejected the conclusion reached by the trial judge
here that there were two excess policies in effect which required
pro-ration. As we observed in De Ciurcio, "[t]he word "you" in
the Liberty policy does not refer to plaintiff." 299 N.J. Super.
at 433. It refers to the named insured as shown in the
declarations and the spouse if a resident of the same household.
Ibid. Kenneth Adler is neither of those parties.