SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-0022-00T5
LISA M. GRANDOVIC,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
LAWRENCE W. LABRIE, JR.,
Defendant-Appellant.
________________________________
Submitted: February 4, 2002 - Decided:
February 25, 2002
Before Judges Newman, Fall and Axelrad.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New
Jersey, Chancery Division - Family Part,
Burlington County, FV-03-664-00-Y.
Archer and Greiner, attorneys for appellant.
Adinolfi and Spevak, attorneys for respondent
(Andrew L. Rochester, of counsel).
The opinion of the Court was delivered by
AXELRAD, J.T.C. (temporarily assigned).
In a per curiam opinion dated January 2, 2002, we upheld the
final restraining order entered in favor of plaintiff, Lisa M.
Grandovic, against defendant, Lawrence W. Labrie, Jr., her former
boyfriend and the father of her child. Plaintiff prevailed on
every issue of the appeal.
On January 14, 2002, plaintiff filed a notice of motion (M-
2441-01) seeking an order compelling defendant to pay her
attorney's fees and costs incurred as a result of her successful
defense of defendant's appeal. The issue before us is whether
attorney's fees may be awarded on appeal to a prevailing victim in
a matter filed under the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act of
l990 ("Act"), N.J.S.A. 2C:25-1 to -35. We conclude in the
affirmative.
Pursuant to Rule 2:11-4(a), attorney's fees may be allowed by
the appellate court in its discretion, "[i]n all actions in which
an award of counsel fee is permitted by R. 4:42-9(a) . . . ." Rule
4:42-9(a) provides that attorney's fees are permitted in several
situations including:
(1) In a family action, a fee allowance both
pendente lite and on final determination may
be made pursuant to R. 5:3-5(c).
. . . .
(8) In all cases where counsel fees are
permitted by statute.
Rule 5:3-5(c) permits the award of attorney's fees in a family
action as follows:
the court in its discretion may make an
allowance, both pendente lite and on final
determination, to be paid by any party to the
action, including, if deemed to be just, any
party successful in the action, on any claim
for divorce, nullity, support, alimony,
custody, parenting time, equitable
distribution, separate maintenance,
enforcement of interspousal agreements
relating to family type matters and claims
relating to family type matters in actions
between unmarried persons.
In M.W. v. R.L.,
286 N.J. Super. 408, 411 (App. Div. l995), we
were confronted with the issue of whether a defendant in a domestic
violence complaint which was reversed and remanded was entitled to
an award of attorney's fees on appeal. Defendant claimed that he
was entitled to attorney's fees both under Rule 4:42-9(a)(1),
because his case was a "family type matter," and under Rule 4:42-
9(a)(8), because plaintiff's complaint was frivolous and subject to
an award of attorney's fees under New Jersey's frivolous litigation
statute, N.J.S.A. 2A:15-59.1. M.W., supra, 286 N.J. Super. at
410. We held that "even if a domestic violence complaint could be
conceived of as a family type matter for purposes of R. 4:42-9, the
rule cannot be invoked to award counsel fees [on appeal] to a
prevailing non-victim in a domestic violence case" because the
prevailing non-victim would obtain by indirection a benefit
intentionally made unavailable by the Act. M.W., supra, 286 N.J.
Super. at 411. We permitted the trial judge to determine whether
to award attorney's fees to defendant under the frivolous
litigation statute. Id. at 412.
In the present case we also need not reach the issue of
whether plaintiff's domestic violence complaint constitutes a claim
"relating to family type matters in actions between unmarried
persons" because we are satisfied that attorney's fees incurred in
successfully defending defendant's appeal of the final restraining
order are "permitted by statute" under Rule 4:42-9(a)(8). In
addition, costs on appeal are recoverable by law in favor of the
prevailing party. R. 2:11-5.
The Act expressly includes "reasonable attorney's fees" as
compensatory damages, providing that in proceedings where
restraining orders have been filed, the Family Part judge may
issue, inter alia,
[a]n order requiring the defendant to pay to
the victim monetary compensation for losses
suffered as a direct result of the act of
domestic violence. The order may require the
defendant to pay the victim directly, to
reimburse the Victims of Crime Compensation
Board for any and all compensation paid by the
Violent Crimes Compensation Board directly to
or on behalf of the victim, and may require
that the defendant reimburse any parties that
may have compensated the victim, as the court
may determine. Compensatory losses shall
include, but not be limited to, loss of
earnings or other support, including child or
spousal support, out-of-pocket losses for
injuries sustained, cost of repair or
replacement of real or personal property
damaged or destroyed or taken by the
defendant, cost of counseling for the victim,
moving or other travel expenses, reasonable
attorney's fees, court costs, and compensation
for pain and suffering. Where appropriate,
punitive damages may be awarded in addition to
compensatory damages (emphasis added).
[N.J.S.A. 2C:25-29b(4) (emphasis added).]
In Schmidt v. Schmidt,
262 N.J. Super. 451, 454-56 (Ch. Div. l992),
pursuant to the express language of the statute and Rule 4:42-
9(a)(8), the Family Part Judge awarded the plaintiff-victim
reasonable attorney's fees requested at the final hearing as
compensatory damages under the Act. The court reasoned that since
attorney's fees are viewed as compensatory damages under the Act,
in order to justify an award, the victim must demonstrate that the
fees are a direct result of the domestic violence, they are
reasonable, and they are presented by affidavit pursuant to Rule
4:42-9(b). Schmidt, supra, 262 N.J. Super. at 454.
We conclude that the same rationale is applicable when
considering an award of attorney's fees to the victim on appeal.
The Act is to be liberally construed to achieve its remedial and
salutary purpose. Cesare v. Cesare,
154 N.J. 394, 400 (1998). The
legislative intent of the Act, as set forth in N.J.S.A. 2C:25-18,
was to provide victims of domestic violence the "maximum protection
from abuse" that the law could provide and to ensure "full access
to the protections of the legal system." Cesare, supra, 154 N.J.
at 399. To reach those goals, the Legislature "encourage[d] the
broad application of the remedies available under [the] . . . act
in the civil and criminal courts of this State." N.J.S.A. 2C:25-
18; Cesare, supra, 154 N.J. at 399.
It would be inimical to the Act to deny a victim an award of
reasonable attorney's fees and costs incurred in successfully
defending against a challenge to a final restraining order issued
by the trial court. We adopt the analysis of the Family Part judge
in Schmidt, supra, in connection with application for attorney's
fees on appeal pursuant to Rule 2:11-4. Based on the rule of
construction that "[s]tatutory language should be given its
ordinary meaning absent specific intent to the contrary," plaintiff
should be compensated for the reasonable legal expenses incurred in
responding to this appeal. Schmidt, supra, 262 N.J. Super. at 454
(citations omitted).
The trial court found that defendant committed an act of
domestic violence against plaintiff. Defendant's conduct resulted
in plaintiff obtaining a final restraining order under the Act.
Defendant chose to file an appeal and challenge the trial court's
rulings which necessitated plaintiff's incurring attorney's fees
for the preparation of a respondent's brief and appendix.
Plaintiff prevailed on every issue of the appeal and each and every
ruling of the trial judge was upheld without criticism. An
affidavit of services has been presented in accordance with Rule
4:42-9(b).
Accordingly, it is appropriate to require defendant to pay
plaintiff's reasonable attorney's fees and costs in connection with
this appeal. An order will be entered contemporaneous with this
opinion for an award of reasonable attorney's fees and costs in the
amount of $3000.