SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
A-4561-00T4
STATE OF NEW JERSEY,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
JAMES MCILHENNY,
Defendant-Appellant.
_______________________________
Submitted November 6, 2002 - Decided February 7, 2003
Before Judges Stern, Coburn and Collester.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey,
Law Division, Atlantic County, 87-12-2653-A.
Yvonne Smith Segars, Public Defender, attorney
for appellant (Judson A. Parsons, Jr.,
Designated Counsel, of counsel and on the
brief).
Peter C. Harvey, Acting Attorney General,
attorney for respondent (Teresa A. Blair,
Deputy Attorney General, of counsel and on the
brief).
The opinion of the court was delivered by
COLLESTER, J.A.D.
Defendant James McIlhenny appeals from the denial of his
second petition for post-conviction relief (PCR) following his 1987
conviction for murder. We affirm.
Arthur Banner was an eighty-one year old eccentric recluse
living in Ellwood, New Jersey. When his shack burned in March
1987, he moved to a nearby abandoned car. On May 25, 1987 his
badly decomposed body was found next to a junked Chevrolet Vega.
The cause of death was homicide due to severe blunt force facial
injuries. The date of death could not be determined because of the
condition of the body.
The investigation began with interviews of acquaintances of
Banner, who gave varied accounts as to when he had last been seen.
Some claimed to have seen him at a time which was inconsistent with
the degree of decomposition of his body. As they pursued the
matter further, the police interviewed defendant's girlfriend,
Martha Butterhof, who told them she was with defendant on May 10,
1987, when he admitted he had assaulted and attempted to rob Banner
the night before. Butterhof said that defendant described
repeatedly hitting Banner in the face with his fists and leaving
him "barely breathing." He added that Ray Stover came with him to
rob Banner but took no part in the beating.
When Stover was interviewed, he admitted he and the defendant
went to rob Banner in the early morning hours of May 10, 1987,
after a night of drinking. It was rumored that the elderly man
kept hidden about $2,000. Stover said that when they found Banner,
defendant demanded the money. Banner refused. Defendant struck
Banner with his fist and continued punching and kicking him until
he was unconscious. Stover and defendant first searched the car
where Banner lived and turned the old man's body over to search his
pockets. They found no money and left Banner bleeding and
unconscious next to a junked Vega. Stover saw that defendant's
work boots were "filled with blood."
Defendant was then taken into custody. He was twenty-five
years old, 6'5" and weighed 280 pounds. He told police that he
demanded money from Banner, beat him into unconsciousness and left
him lying next to the Vega.
On December 16, 1987, defendant waived his right of indictment
and pleaded guilty to an accusation charging felony murder,
N.J.S.A. 2C:11-3a(3), in exchange for the prosecutor's sentence
recommendation of life imprisonment with thirty years parole
ineligibility. During the plea hearing, the defendant gave the
following factual basis:
Well, I was drunk. I was told by a
couple of friends that [the victim] had a
large sum of money on him. So I went back
there, relieved him of his money. He got loud
and I hit him a few times and knocked him out
and might have kicked him. I don't remember.
And I searched him and his car. We searched
him and his car, I should say. Found nothing.
When I left he was still breathing. He had a
broken nose.
After the judge then asked about the extent of his
intoxication, defendant consulted with his lawyer and then told the
judge he understood that his intoxication at the time of the crime
was insufficient to establish a defense to the charge. Thereafter,
on February 11, 1988, he was sentenced pursuant to the plea
agreement to a term of life imprisonment with thirty years parole
ineligibility.
Defendant filed a direct appeal on November 2, 1988 in which
he argued his sentence was excessive. We disagreed and affirmed.
On April 21, 1989, defendant filed a motion to vacate the judgment
of conviction under R. 3:20-1 based on his claim of a "possibility
of a recanting witness." The motion was denied, and no appeal was
taken.
On September 28, 1990, defendant filed his first PCR petition
in which he sought to withdraw his guilty plea on grounds he was
mentally incompetent at the time of his plea. After denial by the
hearing judge, we affirmed on the procedural ground of R. 3:22-4
since defendant failed to raise the issue on his direct appeal. We
further noted that trial counsel's decision to forego the argument
of mental incompetency was entirely reasonable in light of the
record of the plea proceeding. State v. James McIlhenny, Docket
No. A-1440-90T4 (App. Div. 1992), certif. denied,
133 N.J. 430
(1993).
Thereafter, defendant filed a second PCR petition in which he
alleged ineffective assistance of trial counsel. The petition was
dismissed by the hearing judge on September 22, 1997, because it
was not filed within the five year limitation period of R. 3:22-
12a. Defendant appealed, and we remanded on the grounds that
defendant was entitled to have his appointed counsel review his pro
se petition and make additional arguments. State v. McIlhenny,
333 N.J. Super. 85 (App. Div. 2000).
Defendant filed a subsequent pro se PCR petition on September
27, 2000, which was supplemented by a brief filed by appointed
counsel. The hearing judge denied the petition on December 21,
2000, and defendant appeals, setting forth the following arguments:
DEFENDANT WAS DEPRIVED OF THE EFFECTIVE
ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL BECAUSE AT THE TIME OF
HIS GUILTY PLEA HIS DEFENSE COUNSEL FAILED TO
INFORM THE COURT THAT THERE APPEARED TO BE NO
FACTUAL BASIS FOR THE CHARGE THAT DEFENDANT
WAS THE CAUSE OF THE VICTIM'S DEATH.
A. DEFENDANT FAILED TO RECEIVE THE
EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL.
B. THERE IS NO PROCEDURAL BAR TO
GRANTING RELIEF TO DEFENDANT.
We treat the present matter as a continuation of the 1997
petition, which is defendant's second PCR application. He now
claims ineffective legal assistance at the time of his guilty plea
because his lawyer did not advise the judge of the contents of
investigative reports in which certain persons claimed to have seen
Banner alive and apparently unhurt at a time after he had been
beaten by defendant. Defendant does not contend this information
was withheld by the State. In fact, he told the police after his
arrest that he read newspaper articles after the crime quoting
their witness interviews. He further acknowledged that he
discussed this information with his lawyer prior to his plea. His
contention is that the lawyer should have given the information to
the plea judge, who then could have rejected the plea.
We find no authority for defendant's arguments that the
hearing judge must be advised of all possible exculpatory
information before accepting a voluntary and informed plea of
guilty and that counsel's failure to do so constitutes ineffective
assistance. We further reject these contentions. The record
reflects that defendant was made fully aware of possible defenses
by his trial counsel prior to the entry of his guilty plea.
Defendant faced the charge of capital murder in the face of
overwhelming State proof which included his confession. His
attorney was charged with the responsibility of evaluating the
proofs with defendant for preparation of a defense at trial or to
seek a plea agreement eliminating the realistic prospect of a
capital murder conviction. We cannot and will not second guess the
attorney recommending a plea agreement under these circumstances.
A plea agreement provides a "mutuality of advantage" to both
defendant and the State. State v. Taylor,
80 N.J. 353, 361 (1979).
Here the advantage to defendant was obvious _ to avoid a capital
sentence.
At the plea hearing, defense counsel advised the plea judge he
had discussed the case with defendant on several occasions after
review of the discovery with him. He added,
While there is some question as to the
time frame that was involved in the murder, we
are not able to present any defense or any
explanation that would counter the logical
conclusion that the blows referred to in the
autopsy were those delivered by [defendant].
And that he was in fact the agent of Mr.
Banner's death.
The subject of the discussions between defendant and his
lawyer was also considered by us in our 1992 decision affirming the
denial of defendant's first PCR petition.
The record of that plea proceeding shows
that McIlhenny's lawyer had discussed
"extensively" with him the discovery,
particularly statements previously given by
McIlhenny and his co-defendant, and the
autopsy report. These were consistent with
the conclusion that the victim, 81 year old
Arthur Banner, had been beaten to death by
McIlhenny during the course of his planned
robbery of $2,000 which the old recluse was
reputed to carry.
We agree with the conclusion of the PCR hearing judge in the
instant case that defendant's sudden shift in position after more
than a decade to claim for the first time that he was not the cause
of Banner's death is an untimely and incredible afterthought.
Defendant has never challenged his own confession or the statements
of Butterhof and Stover that he viciously beat the eighty-one year
old victim into unconsciousness and left him lying in the same spot
where his decomposed body was found fifteen days later. It is
ludicrous to argue that the elderly victim arose from
unconsciousness and traveled about for days with no noticeable
injury and returned to die in the same spot. We conclude that
defendant's arguments for PCR are light years short of meeting the
standard for a prima facie showing of ineffective assistance of
counsel. See, Strickland v. Washington,
466 U.S. 668, 687-90,
104 S.Ct. 2052, 2064-66,
80 L.Ed.2d 674, 693-95 (1984); State v. Fritz,
105 N.J. 42, 58 (1987). Moreover, defendant's arguments do not
satisfy the requirement of a showing that there was a reasonable
probability that but for the alleged errors of trial counsel,
defendant would have insisted on going to trial. See, Hill v.
Lockhart,
474 U.S. 52, 58-59,
106 S.Ct. 366, 370,
88 L.Ed.2d 203,
210 (1985).
Although the hearing judge did not dismiss defendant's PCR
petition as procedurally barred by R. 3:22-4 and R. 3:22-12,
clearly he could have done so. Defendant failed to establish
"excusable neglect" for relaxation of R. 3:22-12. He did not show
any exception to the bar of R. 3:22-4 and made no adequate showing
of "fundamental injustice" or denial of his constitutional rights.
His petition was procedurally barred under any reasonable
interpretation of the Rules of Criminal Practice. As stated by
Justice Garibaldi,
The Rules are imposed for a purpose.
They already contain ample exceptions allowing
their relaxation to insure fairness and
prevent injustice. We do not endorse their
rigid, mechanical application; we state simply
that the Rules and their exceptions should be
conscientiously applied to the unique
circumstances of each case with due respect
for both the rule and the exception.
[State v. Mitchell,
126 N.J. 565, 586-89
(1992).]
The murder of Arthur Banner took place in May 1987.
Defendant's guilty plea was accepted by the trial court on December
16, 1987. He was sentenced on February 11, 1988. With affirmance
on direct appeal and denial of his earlier PCR petition, the case
reached its legal and logical terminus. To consider legal
arguments available to a defendant on direct appeal years after
conviction and sentence does not serve justice. Rather it mocks
the reasonable time limits of the Rules of Criminal Practice and
insults the laudatory purpose of post-conviction relief. In the
case of this guilty murderer enough is enough.
Affirmed.