SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
A-3964-94T1
YVETTE J. PAGAN,
Claimant-Appellant,
v.
BOARD OF REVIEW,
Respondent.
________________________________________________________________
Argued December 18, 1996 - Decided January 22, 1997
Before Judges King, Keefe and Loftus.
On appeal from Board of Review, Department
of Labor.
Dawn K. Miller argued the cause for
appellant (Legal Services of New Jersey,
Inc., attorney; Ms. Miller and Melville D.
Miller, Jr., on the brief).
Ellen A. Reichart argued the cause for
respondent Board of Review (Peter Verniero,
Attorney General, attorney; Mary C. Jacobson,
Assistant Attorney General, of counsel; Lewis
A. Scheindlin, Deputy Attorney General, on
the brief).
The opinion of the court was delivered by
LOFTUS, J.A.D.
Yvette Pagan (Pagan), claimant, appeals from a decision of the
Board of Review (Board) which affirmed a determination of the
Appeal Tribunal which concluded she was disqualified from receiving
unemployment benefits because she left work "voluntarily without
good cause attributable to such work" contrary to N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a). On this appeal, Pagan contends that the Board erred when it
concluded that domestic violence which followed Pagan to her job
did not constitute good cause for voluntarily leaving work. We
conclude that there is no merit to this contention. We affirm.
Pagan was employed as a legal secretary for the Hackensack law
firm of Breslin & Breslin, P.A. According to her she loved her
job, enjoyed working with the employees and did not want to leave.
The law firm also was satisfied with her work. One attorney said
that her work was exceptional and her immediate supervisor stated
that she was punctual, approached work with enthusiasm and energy
and exhibited ambition and willingness to meet new challenges. She
was described as having a pleasant, outgoing, and supportive
personality.
Unfortunately Pagan was the victim of constant abuse and
harassment by her husband, Charlie Pagan. The harassment affected
her ability to concentrate on the job and perform her duties. She
sought family counseling at Family Services of Bergen County and
other agencies. However, the abuse continued to escalate and
culminated in an incident at home on August 8, 1994, which caused
her to seek and obtain a restraining order against her husband.
According to Pagan, he physically assaulted her, screamed at her,
cursed her, pushed her, hit her, shook her by the arms and
threatened to kill her. The temporary restraining order prohibited
him from having any contact or communication with her or any
members of her family, barred him from her place of employment, and
granted her exclusive possession of their residence. The
harassment and abuse continued. She filed a criminal complaint.
On August 15, 1994, she obtained a final restraining order.
Pagan's domestic problems had an impact upon her work. She
went to work the day after the August 8 incident but was distraught
and feared for her life. Two days later, her husband called her
constantly at work. Pagan concluded that she had no other choice
but to leave the job and relocate to California near her family for
protection. She explained to the office manager and Mr.
Fitzpatrick, the attorney she worked with, that she could no longer
work for the firm. She eventually left on August 19, 1994. She
did not request temporary leave. As she testified at the hearing:
"I really enjoyed the work and I hated that I had to leave." In
her letter in support of the appeal from the initial determination,
Pagan stated: "I did not voluntarily leave my place of employment
but was forced to do so because of a life threatening situation
which was effecting my job performance, my fellow employees as well
as upper management."
On this record, the Appeal Tribunal concluded that Pagan was
properly denied unemployment benefits pursuant to N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a), which provides that a claimant will be disqualified for
benefits if she "voluntarily leaves work without good cause
attributable to such work." The hearing officer found that Pagan
"left the work voluntarily because of an abusive spouse," although
she "loved her job and would have stayed if she did not have an
abusive spouse." Citing Self v. Board of Review,
91 N.J. 453
(1982), for the proposition that a "claimant who leaves work for a
personal reason, no matter how compelling, is subject to disqual-ification," the hearing officer concluded that Pagan "left work
voluntarily without good cause attributable to such work." The
decision was upheld by the Board of Review, and this appeal
followed.
In Self v. Board of Review,
91 N.J. 453 (1982), the New Jersey
Supreme Court analyzed N.J.S.A. 43:21-5(a) and the cases inter-preting it. The Supreme Court stated:
Previously we have held that the purpose
of the New Jersey statute "is to differentiate
between (1) a voluntary quit with good cause
attributable to the work and (2) a voluntary
quit without good cause attributable to the
work." DeLorenzo v. Board of Review,
54 N.J. 361, 363 (1969); see Stauhs v. Board of
Review,
93 N.J. Super. 451, 457 (App. Div.
1967). From that perspective, a departure not
attributable to work is a "voluntary departure
without good cause related to work" that will
disqualify the employee from receiving
unemployment benefits. DeLorenzo v. Board of
Review, supra, 54 N.J. at 363. The only
recognized exception to that rule is where an
employee is unable to work because of illness
and attempts to protect her employment. Id.
at 364.
[Self v. Board of Review, supra, 91 N.J. at
457.]
The facts of this case demonstrate that Pagan left work because of
personal reasons, not because of good cause attributable to work.
Under our standard of appellate review, a decision of an
administrative agency will not be reversed unless it is arbitrary,
capricious and unreasonable or is unsupported by substantial
credible evidence in the record as a whole. Impey v. Board of
Education,
142 N.J. 388, 397 (1995) (citing Dennery v. Board of
Education,
131 N.J. 626, 641 (1993)); Clowes v. Terminix Int'l,
Inc.,
109 N.J. 575, 587 (1988); Henry v. Rahway State Prison,
81 N.J. 571, 579-80 (1980) (citing Campbell v. Department of Civil
Serv.,
39 N.J. 556 (1963)). The standard is not whether an
appellate court would come to the same conclusion if the original
determination was its to make, but rather whether the factfinder
could reasonably so conclude upon the proofs. Charatan v. Board of
Review,
200 N.J. Super. 74, 79 (App. Div. 1985).
While we are sympathetic to Pagan's plight, and that of other
domestic violence victims, our standard of appellate review is
limited. See State v. B.H.,
290 N.J. Super. 588, 605 (App. Div.
1996) (Loftus, J.A.D., dissenting), certif. denied,
146 N.J. 564
(1996).See footnote 1 This court "should not assume the function of the
Legislature and rewrite the law to include therein something which
those charged with the legislative responsibility might have
inserted if the matter had been called to their attention." Thomas
P. Carney Inc. v. City of Trenton,
235 N.J. Super. 372, 381 (App.
Div. 1988). Our function is to enforce the legislative will as
expressed by the clear language of the statute. Howell Township v.
Manasquan River Regional Sewerage Auth.,
215 N.J. Super. 173, 181
(App. Div. 1987).
We conclude that the decision in this case is supported by
substantial, credible evidence in the record and was not arbitrary,
capricious or unreasonable.
Affirmed.
Footnote: 1 A notice of appeal concerning issues addressed in the dissent is still pending before the court.